my last optical isomer doubt at least for a few days from now on!!![3][3]
we tell that in free radical substitution reaction takes place, the alkyl radical formed is flat in nature...and that the attack might take place equally likely from either front side or back side...
exactly this was assumed by Brown Khrasch and Chao to prove the mechanism of free radical substitution is
a) R-H + Cl . → R . + H-Cl
b) R . + Cl2 → R-Cl + Cl .
they assumed that free radicals are sp2 hybridised and thus flat..so if the above reaction goes on the optically active (S)-(+)-CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2Cl will give a racemic mixture of CH3CH2CCl(CH3)CH2Cl as one of the products and thus the product will be optically inactive...
experimentally the product was found to be optically inactive and thus the free radical concept was established...
now my question is that HOW THEY BECAME SO MUCH SURE THAT THE FREE RADICAL IS SP2 HYBRIDISED? I SAY IT IS SP3 HYBRIDISED AND HAS A BIT PYRAMIDAL STRUCTURE AND THAT IT IS NOT FLAT...NOW HOW WUD THE CONSISTENCE OF THE ASSUMPTIONS OF THE ABOVE PROOF BE VALIDATED IF THE FREE RADICAL IS NOT FLAT???
P.S.:: THE FREE RADICALS ARE INDEED PYRAMIDAL IS SHAPE AS SUGGESTED BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION!!! SO EXPLAIN NOW!!
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2 Answers
http://www.chem.uky.edu/courses/che232/RBG/lecnotes/lec15.pdf
look @ second paragraph..as though the author has predicted ur question :P :D