Finding the limit:

For f continuous on \mathbb{R}, find the limit:
\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{1}{h}\int_a^b \big(f(x+h)-f(x)\big) \mathrm{d}x

Remember, f has been said only to be continuous and not differentiable.
(rajat, dipanjan, metal: wait for at least one day before you post your solution (if you ever feel like posting)

29 Answers

11
Mani Pal Singh ·

@sky#11

this assumption i think can be taken.......

since f(x) is integrable.... so F(x) is differentiable..

this is not always true

66
kaymant ·

Though you guys have solved the problem, let me give the solution that was in my mind. I applied the mean value theorem for the integrals. First of all, transform the first integral by the substitution t=x+h to
\int_{a+h}^{b+h}f(t)\ \mathrm{d}t = \int_{a+h}^{b+h}f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x
owing to the fact that the variable of integration in case of a definite limit is a dummy variable. Now, break it up as
\int_{a+h}^{b+h}f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x = \int_a^{a+h} f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x + \int_{a+h}^b f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x + \int_b^{b+h}f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x -\int_a^{a+h} f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x
where I have added ans subtracted \int_a^{a+h} f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x.
The first two terms on the right combine to give \int_a^b f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x . Hence,
\int_a^b f(x+h)\ \mathrm{d}x -\int_a^b f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x =\int_b^{b+h} f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x - \int_a^{a+h} f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x
Now, the mean value theorem says that \int_a^b f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x is equal to (b-a)f(c) for some c\in[a,b]. Accordingly, we have
\int_b^{b+h} f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x = hf(c)\qquad c\in [b,\,b+h]
and
\int_a^{a+h} f(x)\ \mathrm{d}x = hf(d)\qquad d\in [a,\,a+h]
Hence, we have
\lim_{h\to 0} \int_a^b(f(x+h)-f(x))\ \mathrm{d}x = \lim_{h\to 0} (f(c)-f(d))
But as h→0, c→b and d→a. Hence, we get
\lim_{h\to 0} \int_a^b(f(x+h)-f(x))\ \mathrm{d}x = f(b)-f(a)

66
kaymant ·

@subash and Kalyan (Posts #15 and #29 respectively), your solutions are acceptable. However, @b555 (post #21), what do you mean when you say that "f(x+h)-f(x) is divisible by h". What do you think about the divisibility of e-(x+h)2-e-x2 by h?

1
Kalyan Pilla ·

\lim_{h\rightarrow0}(1/h)\int_{a}^{b}{f(x+h)-f(x)}=\lim_{h\rightarrow0}1/h*h[{f(a+h)+f(a+2h)+f(a+3h)+...................f(b)+f(b+h)} - {f(a)+f(a+h)+f(a+2h)+f(a+3h)...................f(b)}]
h is cancelled, and all other terms in f(x+h)are subtracted by terms in f(x)
=\lim_{h\rightarrow0} f(b+h)-f(a)

That finally gives f(b)-f(a)
since f(x)is continuous on R

1
skygirl ·

yeah! lets get a conformation from kaymant sir first :)

1
Philip Calvert ·

let us not venture far on subhash's soln alone wothout getting a conformation from Kaymant sir ...

bcoz if it turns out to be wrong we are back to square 1

personally i feel any continuous function can represent a derivative (of its antiderivative :D )

21
tapanmast Vora ·

Y provided??

it is surely provided wen it says :

"wen it is given dat it is integrated beween certain limits!"

1
Philip Calvert ·

sky its ok leave this u were rite

1
skygirl ·

well did u all see carefuly??

i told if f(x) after integrating becomes F(x), then obviously F(x) can be differentiated to become f(x).

provided f(x) is integrable..

1
Philip Calvert ·

nothing manipal i didnt remember who had posted that post on non integrable functions.....there was a list....
so i mistook it to be u maybe i am getting sleepy...

come to chatbox for discussing this more if u like

11
Mani Pal Singh ·

#18

philip said
mind your terminolgy sky..... that guy has a thread on non integrable funcs to his name

wat do u mean philip[7][7]

39
Dr.House ·

not sure about the solution,

f(x+h)-f(x) is divisible by x+h-x i.e. h, since f is continous.

so now the given integral can be written as

\lim_{h\rightarrow 0}\frac{1}{h}\int_{a}^{b}{hk}

where k=\frac{f(x+h)-f(x)}{h}

therefore limit becomes k(b-a)

which can be writtten as f(b)-f(a)

1
skygirl ·

buut y shud we consider non-integrable functions ... wen it is given dat it is integrated beween certain limits ?

11
Subash ·

not everthing is differentiable .... i am 'not everything' :P ~~ even though there is a :P there :P

11
Subash ·

@sky [3]

i was deleting it because i was assuming something which i wasnt totally convinced with thats all :)

1
gaurav ·

Is the answer f(b) - f(a) ?

11
Subash ·

ok reposting :)

let ∫f(x)=F(x) ( differentiable)

question becomes

Lt h→0{F(b+h)-F(b)/h -F(a+h)-F(a)/h}

giving F'(b)-F'(a)

which is f(b)-f(a)

1
skygirl ·

dont fear errors so much ......... rather the unsolved problem! :P

21
tapanmast Vora ·

Huh....

I rather felt Subhash's solution was quite perfect!!

11
Subash ·

so you ppl think i was rite?

1
skygirl ·

arey subash y did u delete that ? huh!

1
skygirl ·

this assumption i think can be taken.......

since f(x) is integrable.... so F(x) is differentiable..

1
Philip Calvert ·

∫f(x)dx=F(x) can be taken to be diffntiable i think
cuz f(x) is continuous

@subhash post it again wats the problem

11
Subash ·

@eureka i took it to be that way i feel im wrong deleting it :)

24
eureka123 ·

can we take this assumption:: ∫f(x)dx=F(x) which i take to be differentiable as well?????????[7][7]

66
kaymant ·

can you guys post your solutions...obviously, if you derivatives your solutions are wrong.

1
The Scorpion ·

did anyone of u used f'(x) in ur solution...!!???

if YES, then ur answer is wrong... [3] (it's not clearly stated in d question whether f is differentiable over [a,b]...!!!)

if NO, then post ur solution...!!! [6]

1
MATRIX ·

getting f(b)-f(a)..........hmmm.......is it rite kaymant sir??.........

1
vector ·

even me getting same

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