fluid mechs

Q1. A cylindrical container of an incompressible liquid with density ρ rotates with constant angular speed ω about its axis of symmetry, which we take to be the y-axis. (a) Show that the pressure at a given height within the fluid increases in the radial direction (outward from the axis of rotation) according to ∂p/∂r = ρω2r. (b) Integrate this partial differential equation to find the pressure as a function of distance from the axis of rotation along a horizontal line y=0. (c) Show that the surface of the liquid has a parabolic shape i.e. the height of the liquid is given by h(r) = ω2r2/2g.

Please explain the answer with suitable diagram.

For part (c) will P=Po+ρgh be applicable?

11 Answers

24
eureka123 ·

i htnk it was done by sharman some time back..

106
Asish Mahapatra ·

Q2. An incompressible fluid with density ρ is in a horizontal test tube of inner cross-sectional area A. The test tube spins in a horizontal circle in an ultracentrifuge at an angular speed ω. Gravitational forces are negligible. Consider a volume element of the fluid of area A and thickness dr' at a distance r' from the rotation axis. The pressure on its inner surface is p and outer surface is p+dp.
(a) Show that dp=ρω2r'dr'.
(b) If the surface of the fluid is at a radius ro where the pressure is po, show that the pressure p at a distance r≥ro is p=po+ρω2(r2-ro2)/2.
(c) An object of volume V and density ρob has its centre of mass at a distance Rcmob from the axis. Show that the net horizontal force on the object is ρVω2Rcm, where Rcm is the distance from the axis to the center of mass of the displaced fluid.
(d) Explain why the object will move inward if ρRcm>ρobRcmob and outward if ρRcm<ρobRcmob.
(e) For small objects of uniform density, Rcm = Rcmob. What happens to a mixture of small objects of this kind with different densities in an unltracentrifuge?

Please give a diagram along with answer as well. I cudnt do this quesn bcz cudnt understand the diag.

24
eureka123 ·

Q1

i have done simple derivative...u can take it as partial derivative..it wont have an effect on overall eqn[1]

assume a tube and take an elment dr at distance r from axis

24
eureka123 ·

24
eureka123 ·

in the end i typed y=ω2x2/2ρg

but it is y=ω2x2/2g

sorry for the mistake[1]

24
eureka123 ·

Q2 is also same...i hope u can solve it now[1]

106
Asish Mahapatra ·

Eure for Q2.
i cant understand what Rcm, Rcmob are and the meaning of the last two bits

24
eureka123 ·

i too didnt get those terms dude....[2]
thats why didnt reply....

62
Lokesh Verma ·

a new body (red) of volume V is inserted...

Now is the question more clear?

106
Asish Mahapatra ·

yes sir i was able to solve the first two bits.. but then Rcm, Rcmob .. i cudnt understand their meanings and positions ...

62
Lokesh Verma ·

The black line (arrow drawn in the second image of #10 gives Rcmob

Rcm is the distance of the CM of the displaced liquid..

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